ḤOẒIN, ẒEDAKAH BEN SAADIAH
- ḤOẒIN, ẒEDAKAH BEN SAADIAH
- ḤOẒIN, ẒEDAKAH BEN SAADIAH (1699–1773), Baghdad rabbi and
talmudist. Ḥoẓin was born in Syria, and in 1743 was appointed rabbi of
Baghdad, where he did much to spread the study of Torah. He introduced
many regulations which were adopted by the Jews of Iraq, among them the
ruling that pregnant and nursing women are not to fast on Tishah be-Av
because of the heat generally prevailing at that time of the year. He
left many books in manuscript, among them Ẓedakah u-Mishpat,
consisting of hundreds of responsa on all aspects of Jewish law, some of
which were published in 1926 with an introduction and notes by
isaac nissim ; responsa Ma'aseh Ẓedakah and Me'il
Ẓedakah; an extensive work on Maimonides, the Tur,
and the Beit Yosef; and Avodat ha-Ẓedakah,
homiletical comments on the Torah. Some of Ẓedakah's novellae are quoted
in the books of his disciples. Ẓedakah died in Baghdad during a plague.
His son, Moses, wrote piyyutim, many of which gained wide
circulation in Iraq and adjacent countries. Among his
piyyutim is the well-known Melekh Go'elu-Moshi'a,
printed in many Passover Haggadot, prayer books, and
collections of piyyutim.
-BIBLIOGRAPHY:
Assaf, in: Zion Me'assef, 6 (1934), 97, 99–101; A. Ben-Jacob,
Yehudei Bavel (1965), index; D. Sassoon, A History of
the Jews in Baghdad (1949), 113–20.
(Abraham Ben-Yaacob)
Encyclopedia Judaica.
1971.
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